Tuesday, 26 June 2007

Horse Pasture Evaluation: Collaboration between University of KY and Central KY Thoroughbred Farms.

Tom Keene, Joy Lourie, and Ray Smith. Univ. of Kentucky, E222 Ag. Science North, Lexington, KY 40546-0091

The University of Kentucky is developing stronger ties with the state’s equine industry in the areas of research, extension and teaching. Many horse farms are interested in the Universities assistance with pasture management recommendations. The objective of this program was to provide comprehensive pasture evaluations on horse farms in the Central Bluegrass Region. The cornerstone of the program, initiated fall 2005, was to determine species composition with specific emphasis on the percentage of tall fescue and the potential for fescue toxicity in pregnant broodmares. Species composition was determined using visual and point quadrat estimation techniques with 2 by 2ft open and grid quadrats randomly placed 20 times in each paddock. In addition, tall fescue samples were taken from each field for percent endophyte infection and ergovaline concentration. Results from the 31 farms enrolled in the program in 2005 and 2006 showed species composition averaged 26% tall fescue, 26% Kentucky bluegrass, 12% orchardgrass, 5% white clover, 21% weeds, and 10% bare soil. Endophyte infection averaged 69% (range 43-95%) and ergovaline 352ppb (range 90-790ppb).  In additional to species composition, information presented to the farms included: estimation of ergovaline intake for horses grazing each paddock, comprehensive soil map of entire farm with carrying capacity based on soil type, satellite photo, GPS map of each sampled field, printed digital photographs of sampled areas, “Pasture and Paddock Action Log” for keeping records in each field, general and specific pasture management guidelines (including tall fescue removal options), and over 20 extension publications related to horse pastures. In summary, this program has been extremely well received and will be continued and expanded in the future.

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