Herbicide tolerant and insect resistant (HTIR) cultivars, whether developed through genetic engineering or conventional techniques, present important issues for sustainable pest management. On the one hand, these crops provide effective and simplified pest control with reduced pesticide applications. On the other hand, they raise questions about the potential for gene flow to wild relatives, development of resistance in target pest populations, negative effects on non-target organisms, and changes in recommended pest management practices. A group of crop and weed scientists, entomologists, and extension specialists in four Western states conducted an online survey to gather input on the consequences of HTIR crops in the Western U.S., especially with regard to their impacts on integrated pest management (IPM) practices. Fifty-seven responses were received, mostly from employees of universities and private companies. For HT crops, the most serious potential problems were considered to be development of herbicide tolerance in weeds and shifts in weed populations. With IR crops, respondents felt that development of resistance in target pests and difficulties in managing insect refuges were the most serious concerns. The crops most likely to cause problems in Western cropping systems were thought to be Roundup Ready wheat (especially winter wheat) and Clearfield wheat and sunflower. Additional results will be presented and their implications discussed.