Cicer arietinum, are annual grain legumes. Chickpea was first grown over 8000 years ago in the Asian fertile crescent between the Tigris–Euphrates rivers and Himalayan region that encompasses part of Jordan, Israel, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan and India. Internationally chickpeas are occupying more than 8 m ha area under cultivation, which produces more than 10 m tons annually in different continents. The international chickpea trading is mostly concentrating around extra-large seeded types due to their preference by the user in daily uses. On the basis of extra large seed size generally traders offer high or low price to farmers at the time of marketing. Thus, high profitability is directly proportional to the seed size of the cultivars under cultivation. The major extra large seeded chickpea exporting countries like Canada, Australia, Turkey, Mexico etc. occupy advantageous position at global level. The major importing countries are India, Pakistan, Lanka, Bangladesh, Nepal, Spain, Algeria, Jordan, Italy etc. In recent past three importing countries for chickpea were India, Pakistan and Bangladesh collectively accounting for approximately 53 percent of world chickpea imports. India by itself had a 30 percent share of total world imports. The potential of large seeded cultivars provide an excellent opportunity for big farmers to introduce chickpea as a major crop in the cropping system.  Introduction of chickpea as a main crop will improve the soil fertility by adding 40-50 kg Nitrogen / ha to the soil, dependency on fertilizers will decline for the succeeding crop, total water requirement of the system will also decrease drastically, as chickpeas need no irrigation for its cultivation. By reducing cost of cultivation in the overall cropping system, the profitability in cultivation will increase. The present day large seeded improved cultivars with wide adaptation provide excellent opportunities for profitable cultivation of chickpea.