Field trials were conducted in 2005 to quantify post-dispersal seed predation of jointed goatgrass in a wheat/fallow system in southeastern Wyoming. The effect of background seed density and distance to the edge of the field were examined in adjacent wheat and fallow strips. Seeds were placed on sandpaper rectangles and were replaced weekly. A total of 19 observations were made from May 25 to October 3. Motion sensitive cameras placed in the field as well as feces deposits over cards confirmed small mice and rabbits as primary predators. Seed removal was not affected either by background seed density or distance to the edge of the field. Wheat and fallow fields showed different patterns of predation over time. Two weeks after seeds were offered, 80% predation levels were observed in the wheat field only to decline by week six. During week eight through sixteen, predation fluctuated from 0 to 30%. No predation was observed in the fallow strip from week one to five. After this initial period seed removal rapidly increased and reached 100% by week seven. Predation remained constant until week thirteen when plots were mowed and seed removal decreased to 20%. Soon after mowing, seed predation returned to 100%. Results of these trials suggest that jointed goatgrass seed remains as part of a rodent's diet for an extensive period of time. Vegetation covering and disturbance both affected seed predation by rodents.