Kurgans are one of the oldest memories of history in civilization of Hungary. Their historical importance provide a lot of and most interesting information for not only the science of archeology, but also for botanical, palaeoecological and pedological sciences. Our team of researchers is doing malacological and pedological studies. Our aim is to describe the stratigraphy of the Lyukas mound and to provide data to the palaeoecological knowledge about the wider surroundings of the kurgan. According to our data this kurgan was built in the Neolithic period. Its surface is covered with Chernozem soil, and the soil that is buried under the mound is Chernozem type, too. Hence instead of a closed forest vegetation rather loess-steppe or semi-shaded steppe can be reconstructed as the former environment of the mound, which was mosaicly surrounded by water and salt affected areas. Factors forming brown forest soil (Luvisol) have not been found.