Indiana ranks second in the nation in waste foundry sand production with one million tons annually disposed in landfills. As available landfill space and profit margins steadily decrease it becomes more important to find ways of diverting waste foundry sand away from landfills and identify beneficial uses of this material. This study is part of a larger project that focuses on using waste foundry sand as a soil amendment in urban and rural agricultural applications. Indiana foundries using green sand were reviewed for types of metals cast; of those, waste sand from three gray iron and three aluminum foundries were selected for detailed physical, chemical, and mineralogical analyses. The particle size analysis of the samples was dominated by medium and fine sand (total sand: 94-100%; medium sand 29-65%; fine sand 29-56%), with low silt (0-2%) and clay (0-4%) content. The cation exchange capacities of these materials were low and ranged from ~0.600-5.00 cmol_c kg^-1. X-ray diffraction studies of different size fractions revealed bentonite and silica peaks with little variation between foundries. In addition to these results, data from strength tests on the waste foundry sand will be presented and discussed.