This symposium will focus on the implications of crop residue removal for expanded uses (e.g., feedstocks for cellulosic ethanol production) on soil and water quality, agronomic production, and overall environmental quality. It will emphasize on the impacts of residue removal on soil organic carbon sequestration, emissions of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere, and the projected global climate change. It will also include presentations in relation to alternative biofuel feedstock sources (e.g., warm season grasses, short-rotation woody crops, and high-biomass producing cropping systems).