Amy Lassen, Heather D. Karsten, and Douglas D. Archibald. Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Penn State University, 116 Ag Science & Industries Bldg, University Park, 16802
Recent studies have revealed differences in beneficial nutrients levels in “grass-fed” livestock products as compared to livestock raised on grain and stored feeds. However, information about specific vitamin A, vitamin E and carotenoid levels of pastured and conventional beef available in the marketplace is lacking. We hypothesized that Pennsylvania beef finished on pasture will have greater amounts of fat-soluble vitamins than the beef fed predominantly grain and stored feeds available in the PA marketplace. To compare the vitamin A, vitamin E and β-carotene content of beef available to PA consumers, ground beef samples were collected once in summer and fall 2006 from Pennsylvania producers that use different levels of pasture and stored feeds to finish beef. Summer samples included beef from 26 PA producers: i) 14 finished on pasture, ii) 7 finished on pasture with some hay, baleage, and/or sorghum greenchop, and iii) 5 finished on combinations of grain, and corn and hay silage. Fall samples included beef from 24 PA producers: i) 12 finished on pasture, ii) 6 finished on a combination of pasture and hay, sorghum greenchop, baleage and some grain, and iii) 6 finished on combinations of grain and baleage. Six beef samples from Midwest feedlots were collected from local processors and retail markets in summer and fall. Pennsylvania cattle sampled included males and females, various breeds, and ages that ranged from 18-30 months. Vitamin A and vitamin E supplements were used by some producers in all PA diet groups. Pastures were dominated by orchardgrass, quackgrass and Kentucky bluegrass, with contributions of timothy, tall fescue, perennial ryegrass, clovers, alfalfa, and various weedy species. To determine vitamin A, vitamin E, and β-carotene content, beef samples were analyzed using HPLC of fats obtained with a saponification protocol. Results will be reported.
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