F2 Hybrids of Exotic Germplasm and Elite Germplasm: Combining Ability for Lint Yield and Fiber Quality.

Exotic germplasm can broaden the genetic base in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and help cotton breeders continue the genetic improvement of lint yield and fiber quality in cultivars. The objective of this study was to determine combining ability of exotic germplasm with elite germplasm for lint yield and fiber properties. Twelve exotic germplasm lines were crossed with one cultivar and three elite germplasm lines in a Design II scheme. The derived 48 F2 hybrids were evaluated at two locations in 2008 and 2009. Effects of general combining ability (GCA) was significant (P≤0.001) for lint yield and all fiber properties. General combining ability effects were more important than SCA effects in most traits. Significant (P≤0.05) favorable GCA effect was detected in all exotic germplasm parents for different fiber properties. Parents with good combining ability for both lint yield and fiber properties were identified. Significant (P≤0.05) useful heterosis was detected in F2 hybrids for lint yield and fiber properties. These results provide evidence for the potential of this germplasm in breeding for continuing the genetic improvement of lint yield and fiber quality.