Repeated application of poultry litter to pastures has led to the reduction of surface water quality of several watersheds in Arkansas. Current regulations within sensitive watersheds have set maximum litter application rates to levels that will reduce nutrient loads in surface runoff. As a result of these regulations, the disposal of litter in these watersheds will be lower than historical levels and require environmentally suitable, alternative disposal sites to maintain the current levels of poultry production. Loblolly pine plantations respond well to nutrient additions and could be a feasible alternative to pastures for litter application. We monitored surface and soil water for one year in portions of pastures and a loblolly pine plantation that received (treated) and did not receive (control) 9 Mg/ha of poultry litter. Concentrations of N and P in surface and soil water were generally greater in the control portions of the pastures than the loblolly pine plantation. N and P concentrations of surface runoff and soil water increased with the application of poultry litter in both the loblolly pine stand and the pastures. However, the magnitude of increases was generally greater in the pine stand than the pastures. For example volume weighted P concentrations of surface runoff in the control portions of the pine stand and pastures were respectively 0.12 and 0.45 mg/l. In the treated portions concentrations were respectively 3.61 and 4.25 mg/l. Loads of N and P in the forest runoff should still be much less than pastures due to the lower volumes of surface runoff in the pine stands.