Tuesday, 8 November 2005
10

Legume Green Manure Nitrogen Best Management Program Program for Potato Production in Environmentally Sensitive Florida Watersheds.

Fernando Munoz and Chad M. Hutchinson. University of Florida, PO Box 728, Hastings, FL 32145

Potato production (8-10,000 ha) in the Tri-county Agricultural Area (TCAA) around Hastings, Florida is valued at approximately $65,000,000 annually. The IFAS recommended fertilizer rate is 212 kg N ha-1 although some potato farmers apply more N to reduce nutrient stress during wet seasons. Excess soluble N in potato increases the risk of nitrate leaching and/or runoff in the St John River watershed. Legumes in crop rotation programs with potato could supply N to the potato crop and reduce the need for soluble fertilizers. The project was located at three grower fields in the TCAA over a two year period. The six treatments were planted following a rotation pattern of winter/spring, summer, and fall. The treatments were: Potato-Sorghum-Fallow, Potato-Cowpea-Greenbean, and Potato-Cowpea-Fallow. The potato crop was fertilized at either 168 or 212 kg N ha-1. Soil NH4-N and NO3-N were higher in potato plots following cowpea and green bean. The rotation exhibited higher NO3-N concentration in the soil solution and water table than rotation with sorghum and cowpea. Green bean yield averaged 6,316 kg ha-1. Marketable potato yield in the cowpea-green bean rotation averaged 41.8 MT ha-1 over the three sites and was significantly higher than the sorghum or cowpea treatments (average 31.6 MT ha-1). A low incidence of internal heat necrosis was observed with no significant differences between treatments. Preliminary results indicate that green bean increased soil N before the potato season. However, these plots also exhibited higher leaching potential compared to other plots.

Handout (.pdf format, 7174.0 kb)

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