ABSTRACT In the southeast US, winter canola (Brassica napus L.) is a potential alternative to winter wheat but it has higher nitrogen and sulfur requirements than winter wheat. Information on the requirement of nitrogen and sulfur for canola production in the southeast US is not known. Therefore, field research was conducted for two crop growing seasons to determine the effect of nitrogen rates (57.0, 114.0, 171.0, and 228.0 kg ha^-1) and sulfur rates (0.0, 11.0, 22.0, and 33.0 kg ha^-1) on yield and oil content in canola. Nitrogen and sulfur rates significantly influenced number of pods per plant and seed yield in both growing seasons but their effects on plant height, plant density, seeds per pod and seed weight were not consistent. In 2004, application of 228.0 kg N ha^-1 and 33.0 kg S ha^-1 resulted in the highest seed yields of 3205 kg ha^-1 and 3259 kg ha^-1, respectively. Interaction of nitrogen and sulfur rates was not significant. The oil content was the highest (43.8%) with 57 kg ha^-1 N and it decreased at higher N rates. Sulfur rates did not show any differences in oil content. The fatty acid profile and saturated fat were not significantly affected by nitrogen or sulfur rates. suresh.kumar@mailserver.aamu.edu