Anthocyanins are the most prominent red, purple and blue pigments in plants. They are also important components of leaf color, a crucial trait for turfgrass. Their biosynthesis is genetically regulated by trans-factors, such as maize Lc gene and C1 gene. The maize Lc gene, under the control of 35S promoter, was co-transformed into Kentucky bluegrass with hpt gene. Total 126 hygromycin resistant callus lines were obtained. Sixty-four transformant lines, which calli showed significant anthocyanin expression under light, were successfully regenerated. Thirty-six of those 64 transgenic plants expressed anthocyanins in their roots on regeneration medium. Seventeen transgenic lines developed deeper blue leaf color than non-transgenic parent. Intense pigmentation, such as deeper leaf color, purple leaf tips, red or purple leaf sheath and purple senescent leaf, was observed in most of transgenic lines. LC-mass analysis elucidated that these color changes were caused not only by significant amount increase, but also by the change of anthocyanin profile. Successful insertion and transcription of the maize Lc gene were also confirmed by Southern and Northern analysis. These results indicated that leaf color of turfgrass could be modified through activation of anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway. Meanwhile, these anthocyanin biosynthesis improved transgenic Kentucky bluegrass provide us with excellent material to investigate multiple functions of anthocyanins in turfgrass, such as UV-protection and plant defense.