Erosion is a major concern in the Palouse region of Idaho and growers are interested in tillage systems that can reduce erosion. Spring wheat is an important crop in both direct seed and conventional tillage systems in the Palouse. Spring wheat variety performance differences are not well defined in tillage systems. We compared variety performance of spring wheat in replicated conventional tillage (CT) and no-till (NT) trials near Genesee, Idaho in 2001-2004. Across eight varieties and four years, yield was not significantly different between NT (3890 kg ha-1) and CT (3950 kg ha-1). However, grain density was 761 kg m-3 in NT versus 745 kg m-3 in CT (P=0.014); 200 seed weight was 6.29 g in NT and 5.92 g in CT (P=0.052); and grain protein was 11.98 percent in NT versus 12.45 percent in CT (P=0.074). These results support observations of slower early growth in NT versus CT that limits early nitrogen uptake, but a longer grain filling period that gives equivalent yields, larger kernels, and lower protein. Careful nitrogen fertilizer management may be needed in NT for successful hard red spring wheat production. Year and cultivar were significant for all parameters, and the year x cultivar interaction was significant for yield, grain density, seed weight, grain protein, grain hardness, crop biomass, head density, and harvest index. The variety ‘Jefferson' was consistently higher yielding than average over years, but some varieties, such as ‘Zak' and ‘Penawawa' were variable and appear to be less suited for NT. Careful variety selection should also increase the probability of successful NT crop production.