Samira Daroub, Timothy Lang, Orlando Diaz, and Ming Chen. University of Florida, Everglades Res. & Educ. Center, Belle Glade, FL 33430-8003
Particulate phosphorus (P) comprises 20 to 70% of total P loads in drainage water of farm canals in the Everglades Agricultural Area (EAA) in south Florida. The source of particulate P is mainly from organic material sediments in the canals and from floating macrophytes. Prior research in the EAA has shown that high particulate P loads are common with certain operating procedures on the farm. Two management practices to reduce particulate P transport off the farms were tested under controlled field conditions. Two sugarcane blocks of 150 and 200 acres each, were hydraulically isolated and equipped with identical drainage pumps and monitoring instrumentation. Monitoring data collected included drainage water volume, total dissolved, and particulate P concentration. The first management practice applied critical velocity controls in canals by adjusting drainage flow rates as well as maintaining a minimum canal level to effectively eliminate transport of sediments with drainage water. The second practice minimized emergent floating macrophyte growth, thereby decreasing the production of easily transportable high P content floc. Results from the first year have shown a 54% reduction in total P and 51% in particulate P concentrations due to the implementation of these management practices. The P loads were 28 % lower for total P and 32% lower for particulate P. Results from this study will be useful to growers in the EAA who are mandated by law to implement BMPs and have 25% P load reduction compared to historical levels.
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