Axel Garcia y Garcia, Larry C. Guerra, and Gerrit Hoogenboom. The University of Georgia, 1109 Experiment Street, Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Griffin, GA 30223
Sweet corn (Zea mays L. var. rugata) is a warm-weather crop produced in all US states. The southeastern US, especially Florida, produces most of the sweet corn for the winter fresh market. With the advance of the season, the production moves to the northeastern states, mainly due to changes in local weather conditions. The objectives of this study were to analyze the impact of the weather conditions on sweet corn growth and development and to evaluate the performance of a crop model for simulating the sweet corn growth and development. Three yellow type sweet corn of three different maturity groups were planted in 2004 and 2005 at Bledsoe Farm (Pike County, GA) and the Stripling Irrigation Research Park (Mitchell County, GA), respectively. The 2004 experiment was planted on July 14 in a randomized block design with 4 replications. The 2005 experiment consisted of six planting dates, starting on March 2 at two week interval in a split-plot design with planting dates as the main treatment and hybrids as the sub-treatments and four replicates. The CSM-CERES-Maize model was used to simulate the sweet corn growth and development. The 2004 season was warm and slightly dry until mid-September while the 2005 season started cool and wet. In 2004, the three hybrids emerged 5 days after planting while for 2005, the earlier the planting dates the longer the days to emergence. For both experiments, the longer the maturity group the higher the observed leaf area index (LAI) and total biomass. Although the model overestimated the LAI and number of leaves of the three hybrids, the impact of the weather conditions on crop's growth and development was well simulated. Further studies will focus on the application of the model to study the impact of the climate variability on sweet corn growth, development, and yield.
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