Jeffrey Vetsch and G. W. Randall. University of Minnesota, Southern Research & Outreach Center, 35838 120th St., Waseca, MN 56093
Rotational tillage systems may be advantageous in the northern Corn Belt because of time savings, conservation compliance, and minimal to no yield penalty compared with long-term no-till. The objectives of this 4-yr study were to quantify the effects of rotational full-width tillage compared with long-term no-till and zone-till systems with and without in-season row cultivation on corn and soybean production. The study was conducted on a tile drained Nicollet-Webster clay loam soil complex (Aquic Hapludolls and Typic Endoquolls, respectively). Tillage treatments consisted of a factorial combination of three factors: (i) tillage for corn following soybean [no tillage (NT), deep zone tillage (ZT), strip tillage (ST), and spring field cultivate (SFC)], (ii) residual effects of tillage for soybean following corn [NT or chisel plow (CP)], and (iii) in-season row cultivation for corn (with or without). Corn grain yields averaged 9.6, 10.1, 10.1, and 9.7 Mg ha -1 with NT, ZT, ST, and SFC tillage for corn, respectively. No tillage for the previous year's soybean crop reduced corn yields in two of four years compared with CP tillage. Soybean seed yields were reduced with NT for soybean in one of three site years. Rotational tillage practices can be effective in reducing the risk of a yield loss and managing residue accumulation on these, poorly drained soils.
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