Tuesday, 8 November 2005 - 9:15 AM
197-4

Forage Quality and Performance of Tall Fescue Hay Amended with Commercial Fertilizer and Broiler Litter.

Stacy L. Clark and Forbes Walker. University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 2119 Chicago Avenue, Knoxville, TN 37917

Broiler chickens are a leading agricultural commodity in Tennessee. Many broiler operations are located in eastern and middle Tennessee where a common land use is tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) hay and pasture, for cow-calf and dairy operations. Litter from broiler operations is land applied on fescue at rates that often exceed the recommended phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) rates. Surveys of forage quality conducted by the University of Tennessee Extension in 2001 found that many of forages across the state had higher than recommended K and sulfur levels and were deficient in copper and other trace minerals critical for beef nutrition. In spring 2004 a two year study initiated at the Research and Education Center at Greeneville,TN evaluated performance and forage quality of tall fescue hay amended annually with 3 rates of broiler litter and 2 commercial fertilizer rates (a recommended rate, 114-30-28 kg/ha of NPK; and a commonly used rate 65-29-54 kg/ha of NPK). The study was conducted on a Dewey silt clay loam (fine, kaolinitic, thermic, Typic Paleudult), severely eroded soil (12 to 25 percent slope). Mehlich I soil analysis indicated increased phosphorus and decreased potassium levels after application. All plots were harvested in May and September 2004 and 2005. Forage analysis was conducted to determine the nutrient content in the fescue. Dry matter yields of higher quality forage were obtained in both May harvests. In 2004 and 2005, copper levels were under and sulfur levels over National Resource Council (NRC) recommendations for beef cattle. The higher rates of litter application resulted in K levels at or above maximum tolerable rates (3 percent) for beef cattle in May 2004 and 2005. Potassium levels were less than 3 percent in September 2004. Soil test and forage quality results from the 2005 September harvest will be presented.

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