Efficient and cost-effective rice production is critical to ensure food and nutritional security to the growing population of Asia (from 2.7 billion in 2000 to 3.9 billion in 2030). Precision farming techniques are needed to further intensify irrigated rice production against the challenges of decreasing supply of resources such as land and water and increasing community concerns on environmental quality. Site-specific nutrient management (SSNM) research conducted in the Cauvery Delta Zone (CDZ), Tamil Nadu, India since 1997 had enhanced the rice productivity and profit by 8 to 15%. Further increase in rice productivity with SSNM is possible with better crop management. Experiments were conducted in the Old and New CDZ in six locations during dry and wet seasons of 2003-04 to assess the effect of SSNM under conventional and improved integrated crop management (ICM) methods (young seedlings at 4-leaf stage planted at one per hill at 0.225 x 0.225 m spacing, inter-row cultivation, and intermittent irrigation). Based on the mean values over two sites and two seasons, leaf color chart (LCC) guided N application increased the rice yield by 7% and the agronomic efficiency of applied N (AEN) by 43% over local farmers' method of N application under conventional crop management (CCM). Rice yields were further increased by 27% and AEN by 30% when the LCC method was combined with ICM. Application of additional K did not significantly increase the yield. Thus combining LCC-based N application with ICM will enhance rice production efficiency and profitability.