Salt diapirs, among the most important of petroleum traps, strongly determine the distribution of local depositional environments and sediment accumulation during their active history. The La Popa basin, 50 km northwest of Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico, contains well exposed salt diapirs and the only known surface example of a salt weld in the Western Hemisphere. In the La Popa basin, the middle Eocene Carroza Formation constitutes continental strata formed under arid conditions in an asymmetrical, synclinal salt-withdrawal basin on the down-thrown block of the La Popa salt weld. Salt rise influenced syndiapiric depositional facies and stratigraphic geometry, including type and maturity of paleosols, as determined from correlation of nine measured sections and petrographic and SEM/EDS analysis of 72 thin sections. The Carroza Formation is composed of interbedded sandstone, siltstone and shale. Paleosols are nearly ubiquitous in the Carroza Formation, occurring in crevasse splay, levee, pond, channel and distal floodplain deposits. The paleosols exhibit 5 grades of maturity and are divided into 14 types based on presence or absence of key pedogenic features, including gypsum snowballs and barite; stage II nodules of gypsum, barite, or calcite; halite casts; columnar structure; and burrowing. The horizons present are interpreted as natric, gypsic, calcic, and salic. The source of the halite, gypsum and barite in Carroza paleosols was Jurassic evaporite exposed in the La Popa diapir. The stratigraphic position and degree of maturity of paleosols that contain diapir-derived salts indicate nearly continuous exposure and rise of the diapir during Carroza deposition. This study documents that evidence of primary salt, including gypsum snowballs and nodules, halite casts, columnar structure, and barite nodules, can be preserved in paleosols. Additionally, these paleosols can be used as critical indicators of former salt exposure, to quantify syndepositional salt tectonics, and to determine diapir proximity in petroleum exploration.