Jenica A. Kohrs, Case R. Medlin, Roger Gribble, Chris Rice, and Mark Gregory. Oklahoma State University, 368 Ag Hall, Stillwater, OK 74077
Field sandbur (Cenchrus incertus M.A. Curtis) commonly infests bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] pastures and hay meadows in Oklahoma, decreasing the value of the bermudagrass hay and also the amount of usable forage produced. Currently there are no selective broadcast herbicides labeled for its control. To investigate the potential of herbicides labeled in other crops for controlling sandbur in bermudagrass, randomized complete block design experiments were established across Oklahoma in the spring of 2005. Treatments included pendimethalin (1.4 or 2.9 lb ai/A), terbacil (1.2 lb ai/A), metolachlor (1.4 lb ai/A), and diuron (1.6 lb ai/A) applied preemergence (PRE) and nicosulfuron (0.04, 0.05, or 0.06 lb ai/A), nicosulfuron+diuron (0.05+0.8 lb/A), glyphosate+imazapic (0.04+0.07, 0.05+0.09, or 0.06+0.12), and propoxycarbazone (0.03, 0.04, or 0.05) applied postemergence (POST). Of the PRE treatments evaluated only terbacil controlled sandbur summer long. Diuron PRE controlled sandbur 99% 3 weeks after treatments (WAT), but by 6 WAT control dropped to 66%. All POST treatments except propoxycarbazone at 0.03 lb/A controlled sandbur at least 96% by 3 WAT. By 7 WAT only the nicosulfuron, nicosulfuron+diuron, and glyphosate+imazapic treatments controlled sandbur at least 90%. In a separate, weed-free experiment the POST treatments were also evaluated for crop response. Glyphosate+imazapic resulted in the most bermudagrass stunting (69 to 79%) by 4 WAT, followed by propoxycarbazone (48 to 59%), and nicosulfuron (38 to 53%). Tankmixing diruon (0.8 lb/A) with nicosulfuron (0.05 lb/A) decreased bermudagrass stunting from 39% to 8%. Dry matter yield from these treatments ranged from 1792 to 2642 lbs/A in the glyphosate+imazapic treated plots, from 3401 to 4138 lb/A in the propoxycarbazone treated plots, and from 4264 to 6144 lb/A in the nicosulfuron treated plots. The nicosulfuron+diuron treated plots averaged 7588 lb/A, 1826 lb/A more than the untreated check (5762 lb/A).
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