Ji-Hoon Kang, Deanna Osmond, Rory Maguire, and Aziz Amoozegar. NC State University, Box 7619, Raleigh, NC 27695-7619
Phosphorus (P) from soils receiving heavy applications of animal waste has been shown to leach down through the soil profile. Many soils in NC agricultural fields have controlled drainage and/or a shallow water table, which may lead to reduced conditions. There is a research need to investigate how drainage conditions affect P leaching, so that it can be accurately predicted by the NC P Loss Assessment Tool. We conducted a laboratory column study to investigate P leaching, to quantify the impacts of 1) soil series, 2) soil P concentration, 3) P fertilizer type, and 4) controlled versus free drainage. Soil columns (6.5 cm diameter×1 m length) of four Coastal Plain soil series were collected: mineral-organic (Cape fear loam), organic (Wasda muck), and mineral (Autryville loamy sand, Goldsboro loamy sand). The columns were set up so that half of them were well drained, while half of them had elevated water tables to simulate controlled drainage. Three P sources (triple superphosphate, poultry litter, and swine liquid) were applied to the soil columns at a rate of 100 kg P/ha and each column was instrumented with redox probes under controlled and uncontrolled drainage conditions. This experiment simulates 5 years of P applications, with the equivalent of one year of leachate being generated every 12 weeks. Phosphorus leachate losses will be presented and the interactions of soil series, fertilizer type and drainage conditions discussed. Results of this study will allow us to better estimate P loss via leaching under controlled drainage and conventional drainage conditions.
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